Silvia Lips has a Masters in Law (LLM, cum laude) as well as Masters in e-Governance and Technologies (MSc, cum laude) and PhD in Information Technology. Silvia is working as an eID expert at the Estonian Information System Authority. She is part of the Cooperation Network at the European Commission and takes part in the assessment of electronic identity schemes at the European Union level. Previously, she worked for more than ten years in the internal security sector, and for five years of her career, she was responsible for Estonian ID-card and travel documents production and procurement in the Estonian Police and Border Guard Board. In parallel, she is a researcher in the Information Systems Group in the Department of Software Science at the Tallinn University of Technology and a head of the eID competence center. Her main area of research is electronic identity (eID), different authentication solutions, and their cross-border applicability.